Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Kahanec Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Kahanec Author-Email: martin.kahanec@celsi.sk Title: Skilled Labor Flows: Lessons from the European Union Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130528 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 1 Keywords: migration, migration policy, skilled migration, European Union, European Union Neighborhood, ASEAN Handle: RePEc:cel:report:1 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: From collective bargaining to political action: trade union responses to precarious employment in the Slovak Republic Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130528 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 2 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:2 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Nicola Duell Author-Name-First: Nicola Author-Name-Last: Duell Author-Email: Author-Name: Lucia Mýtna Kureková Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Mýtna Kureková Author-Email: lucia.kurekova@celsi.sk Title: Activating Benefit in Material Need Recipients in the Slovak Republic Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130528 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 3 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Klara Brozovicova Author-Name-First: Klara Author-Name-Last: Brozovicova Author-Email: Author-Name: Vera Messing Author-Name-First: Vera Author-Name-Last: Messing Author-Email: Author-Name: Brian Fabo Author-Name-First: Brian Author-Name-Last: Fabo Author-Email: fabobrian@gmail.com Author-Name: Martin Kahanec Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Kahanec Author-Email: martin.kahanec@celsi.sk Title: Overview of the Labour Market Situation of Low-Educated and Roma Population and Regulations Affecting Their Employment Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130528 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR4.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 4 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:4 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Governing the Healthcare Sector in Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130601 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR5.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 5 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:5 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbora Brngálová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Brngálová Author-Email: Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Governing the Metal Sector in Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130602 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR6.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 6 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Kahanec Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Kahanec Author-Email: martin.kahanec@celsi.sk Author-Name: Martin Guzi Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Guzi Author-Email: martin.guzi@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Michal Paleník Author-Name-First: Michal Author-Name-Last: Paleník Author-Email: Author-Name: Filip Pertold Author-Name-First: Filip Author-Name-Last: Pertold Author-Email: filip.pertold@cerge-ei.cz Author-Name: Zuzana Siebertová Author-Name-First: Zuzana Author-Name-Last: Siebertová Author-Email: Title: GINI Country Report: The Czech Republic and Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20130907 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR7.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 7 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:7 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Mýtna Kureková Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Mýtna Kureková Author-Email: lucia.kurekova@celsi.sk Title: Review of Profiling Systems, Categorization of Jobseekers and Calculation of Unit Service Costs in Employment Services - Implications and Applications for Slovakia Abstract: Profiling and jobseeker categorization has been introduced in many OECD countries as a tool for public employment services counselors to map individual barriers of hard-to-serve clients in view of providing them with more targeted services. In recent years, especially statistical quantitative profiling has grown in importance, of which the key advantage lies in more systematic, rigorous and accurate identification of those with high risk of unemployment or labour market exclusion, and in much higher precision of targeting and effectiveness. This study reviews approaches to client profiling in selected countries with the aim to develop categorization of jobseekers by the level of disadvantage and to prepare basis for calculating unit service costs of employment services provision in the Slovak Republic. The report also reviews existing soft profiling system in Slovakia and highlights its limitations. The review helps to see the variability of approaches and a range of possibilities when thinking about most effective ways to developing statistical profiling and jobseeker categorizations. Profiling systems in most countries are not directly connected to the calculation of unit service costs for different categories; these are typically set-up as estimates and then recalibrated in the process of implementation. Creation-Date: 20140528 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR8.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 8 Keywords: jobseekers categorization, public employment services, client profiling, Slovakia, unemployment risk, unit service costs Handle: RePEc:cel:report:8 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining for Social Rights at the Sectoral Level: The Case of Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20150413 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR9.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 9 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: New Challenges for Public Services Social Dialogue: Integrating Service Users and Workforce Involvement in Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20150413 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR10.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 10 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:10 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Imre Gergely Szabó Author-Name-First: Imre Gergely Author-Name-Last: Szabó Author-Email: szabo_imre-gergely@ceu-budapest.edu Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining Systems, Trade Union Strategies and the Costs and Benefits of Migration Abstract: Creation-Date: 20150731 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR11.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 11 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Hungary Abstract: Creation-Date: 20160410 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR12.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 12 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Adam Mrozowicki Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Mrozowicki Author-Email: mrozowicki@gmail.com Author-Name: Małgorzata Maciejewska Author-Name-First: Małgorzata Author-Name-Last: Maciejewska Author-Email: Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Poland Abstract: Creation-Date: 20160410 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR13.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 13 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:13 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Branko Bembič Author-Name-First: Branko Author-Name-Last: Bembič Author-Email: Author-Name: Miroslav Stanojević Author-Name-First: Miroslav Author-Name-Last: Stanojević Author-Email: Miroslav.Stanojevic@fdv.uni-lj.si Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Slovenia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20160410 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR14.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 14 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:14 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Višnja Samardžija Author-Name-First: Višnja Author-Name-Last: Samardžija Author-Email: Author-Name: Ivana Skazlić Author-Name-First: Ivana Author-Name-Last: Skazlić Author-Email: Author-Name: Ivana Čavar Author-Name-First: Ivana Author-Name-Last: Čavar Author-Email: Author-Name: Hrvoje Butković Author-Name-First: Hrvoje Author-Name-Last: Butković Author-Email: Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Croatia Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160418 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR15.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 15 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:15 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Māra Bukovska Author-Name-First: Māra Author-Name-Last: Bukovska Author-Email: Author-Name: Marija Krūmiņa Author-Name-First: Marija Author-Name-Last: Krūmiņa Author-Email: Author-Name: Alf Vanags Author-Name-First: Alf Author-Name-Last: Vanags Author-Email: Author-Name: Linda Vildava Author-Name-First: Linda Author-Name-Last: Vildava Author-Email: Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Latvia Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160428 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR16.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 16 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:16 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Aristea Koukiadaki Author-Name-First: Aristea Author-Name-Last: Koukiadaki Author-Email: Author-Name: Chara Kokkinou Author-Name-First: Chara Author-Name-Last: Kokkinou Author-Email: Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Greece Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160428 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR17.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 17 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:17 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Boguslavas Gruzevskis Author-Name-First: Boguslavas Author-Name-Last: Gruzevskis Author-Email: Author-Name: Inga Blaziene Author-Name-First: Inga Author-Name-Last: Blaziene Author-Email: Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Lithuania Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160428 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR18.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 18 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Slovakia Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160428 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR19.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 19 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: The rise of the dual labour market: fighting precarious employment in the new member states through industrial relations (PRECARIR) Country report: Czechia Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission grant no. VS/2014/0534. Creation-Date: 20160429 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR20.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 20 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Title: Negotiating Wage Inequality in Slovakia Abstract: This report was financed by European Comission Grant no. VS/2014/0538. The report appeared earlier as NEWIN Country Report: Slovakia (2016). Creation-Date: 20171219 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR21.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 21 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining and Social Dialogue at the Public Sector (BARSOP), Country Study: Slovakia Abstract: This report examines the evolution and role of industrial relations in the public sector in Slovakia since 2000 and studies three sub-sectors of the public sector: primary education, hospitals and a part of local government, childcare facilities. The report uses document and data analysis, semi-structured interviews with policy makers at national level and social partners’ representatives (at national, sector and local levels), interview transcripts, analyses and findings of authors’ earlier projects, which also focused on industrial relations in public sector. Unlike in other countries, the crisis in Slovakia did not yield significant employment cuts, however, austerity measures concentrated on wage freezes across various domains of the public sector. The crisis indirectly affected industrial relations and working conditions in Slovakia, including the public sector, which has witnessed heightened mobilization via the new actors that engaged in new strategies and became active via protests, petitions and demonstrations. This means that the strategies for gaining influence shifted from established bargaining channels to the public space. Despite that, multi-employer and single-employer collective bargaining structures remained stable. Increasing regulation of working conditions via legislative solutions became the other trend. This paper argues that a focus on legislative solutions together with the tendency of unions to seek political support by political parties in the government undermines the role of collective bargaining. Across all studied subsectors, social partners actively voiced their criticisms on reform proposals as well as proposed legislative changes, which in most cases concerned wage regulations. Nevertheless, a direct relationship between reform efforts and changes in the quality of provided public services is difficult to establish. This report was written for the Bargaining and Social Dialogue in the Public Sector (BARSOP) project, financed by the European Commission, Industrial Relations and Social Dialogue Programme (project VS/2016/0107) Disclaimer excluding Commission responsibility This communication related to the action BARSOP is made by the beneficiaries and it reflects only the author’s view. The Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains Creation-Date: 20180426 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR22.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 22 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kea Tijdens Author-Name-First: Kea Author-Name-Last: Tijdens Author-Email: Author-Name: Janna Besamusca Author-Name-First: Janna Author-Name-Last: Besamusca Author-Email: Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: BARCOM REPORT 1: Contents of Collective Bargaining Agreements in the Commerce Sector Abstract: Collective bargaining is an important instrument in wage-setting processes, but lacks underpinning with empirical data. Little is known about what exactly is agreed upon in collective bargaining. Few countries maintain databases with coded collective agreements; and agreements are coded for different topics and levels of detail. Attempts to discuss bargaining results at EU level are hampered by the lack of systematic data-collection of agreements. Social partners perceive an increasing need for cross-country comparisons, i.e., because of growing importance of foreign direct investment in EU member states. Therefore, EU-level social partners in commerce, UNI Europa and EuroCommerce, have expressed their interest in a study of content of collective agreements negotiated by their members at national level. The first BARCOM report describes the coding and collection of collective bargaining agreements (CBA), using the coding form provided by the WageIndicator Foundation. The report compares the contents of 116 CBA’s for 9 coding topics. Supported by the European Commission, DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, VS/2016/0106 Creation-Date: 20180627 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR23.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 23 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:23 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gábor Szüdi Author-Name-First: Gábor Author-Name-Last: Szüdi Author-Email: Author-Name: Jakub Kostolný Author-Name-First: Jakub Author-Name-Last: Kostolný Author-Email: jakub.kostolny@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: BARCOM REPORT 2: Bargaining Systems in the Commerce Sector Abstract: Collective bargaining is an important instrument in wage-setting processes, but lacks underpinning with empirical data. Little is known about what exactly is agreed upon in collective bargaining. Few countries maintain databases with coded collective agreements; and agreements are coded for different topics and levels of detail. Attempts to discuss bargaining results at EU level are hampered by the lack of systematic data-collection of agreements. Social partners perceive an increasing need for cross-country comparisons, i.e., because of growing importance of foreign direct investment in EU member states. Therefore, EU-level social partners in commerce, UNI Europa and EuroCommerce, have expressed their interest in a study of content of collective agreements negotiated by their members at national level. Report 2 studies how particular institutional attributes in sector-specific bargaining systems relate to each other. The findings are quantified in an index of constructive industrial relations (CIR-index). Supported by the European Commission, DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, VS/2016/0106 Creation-Date: 20180627 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR24.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 24 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kea Tijdens Author-Name-First: Kea Author-Name-Last: Tijdens Author-Email: Author-Name: Janna Besamusca Author-Name-First: Janna Author-Name-Last: Besamusca Author-Email: Author-Name: Gábor Szüdi Author-Name-First: Gábor Author-Name-Last: Szüdi Author-Email: Author-Name: Klaveren Maarten van Author-Name-First: Klaveren Author-Name-Last: Maarten van Author-Email: Author-Name: Jakub Kostolný Author-Name-First: Jakub Author-Name-Last: Kostolný Author-Email: jakub.kostolny@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: BARCOM REPORT 3: Bargaining Systems and Collective Bargaining Agreements in the Commerce Sector Abstract: Collective bargaining is an important instrument in wage-setting processes, but lacks underpinning with empirical data. Little is known about what exactly is agreed upon in collective bargaining. Few countries maintain databases with coded collective agreements; and agreements are coded for different topics and levels of detail. Attempts to discuss bargaining results at EU level are hampered by the lack of systematic data-collection of agreements. Social partners perceive an increasing need for cross-country comparisons, i.e., because of growing importance of foreign direct investment in EU member states. Therefore, EU-level social partners in commerce, UNI Europa and EuroCommerce, have expressed their interest in a study of content of collective agreements negotiated by their members at national level. Barcom report 3 analyses the relationship between agreements’ content and sector-level characteristics, more specifically how bargaining outcomes of collective agreements are related to the sectoral bargaining systems in the 28 countries. Supported by the European Commission, DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, VS/2016/0106 Creation-Date: 20180627 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR25.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 25 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining and Social Dialogue at the Public Sector (BARSOP), Country Study: Czechia Abstract: In this report, we investigate the impact of industrial relations and social dialogue on the quality of employment, and subsequently, on the quality of services provided in the public sector in Czechia since 2000, with a special emphasis given to the changes and developments in the postcrisis period. Industrial relations in the Czech public sector are marked by fragmentation and the absence of collective bargaining in the majority of public sector domains. Despite the high level of decentralization, wage setting and provisions for working conditions, have remained centralized with the unilateral decision of the government. In the analysis we applied a multidisciplinary and multi-level governance perspective using available data, documents and semi-structured interviews to support the evidence. The analysis focused on the three subsectors of the public sector, namely healthcare (with a focus on hospitals), primary education and municipalities (with a focus on pre-primary education). This approach allowed mapping sectoral differences within the public sector in the social dialogue outcomes. Our results suggest that the impact of the crisis on public sector employment remained limited. The Czech government implemented simple budget cuts that were set in motion only at the central government level. The limited impact of the crisis in the education and healthcare sector is linked to the mobilization and protest activities of the trade unions in this period. In both sectors, low wages were used as the main argument to prevent budget cuts. As a result, the crisis has strengthened the position of trade unions and has exercised their mobilization potential, but was not sufficient to institutionalize collective bargaining in the public sector, as since the crisis period, only one sector’s collective agreement has been concluded.. Creation-Date: 20181001 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR26.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 26 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: Industrial Relations and Social Dialogue in the Age of Collaborative Economy (IRSDACE), National Report: Hungary Abstract: In Hungary, work in the platform economy as such is neither defined nor regulated as a separate area. Industrial relations and working conditions in selected platform sectors typically appear as deviating or innovative segments of the traditional sectors or subsectors of local personal transport, housework, and accommodation services. Regulation is the most important issue at the centre of both discourses and is the main area of interest of platform economy participants. This is also due to traditional employers and their organizations’ insistence on fair competition. Nevertheless, the extent of regulation varies significantly across the platform economy sectors. The platform economy in Hungary was established especially in sectors where more informal services was characteristic. In these labour cost sensitive sectors a high level of informality in industrial i.e. employment relations has been characteristic. Typically, if registered, those working via platforms are either self-employed small entrepreneurs or registered natural persons working as service providers. Such employment forms also do not provide solid ground for self-organization of labour. For platform workers or service providers, the main advantage of platform work was efficiency through the possibility of earning maximal gross incomes or through earning extra income. The main disadvantages seemed to have pointed in the direction of the individualization of risks. There was a lack of preparation for novices in the sector, especially young individuals, who were insufficiently informed about requirements, risks, and lacked administrative information. Although trade unions are aware of some emerging issues, they have much different priorities and limited capacities to organize individual workers. Platforms typically present themselves not as employers but as innovative, alternative enterprises, and they are mostly invisible in public. Social dialogue in the traditional sectors is weak. Consequently, it is weaker in the selected sectors of the platform economy. Labour is extremely atomized and the possibility of interest articulation via trade unions or alternative organizations is typically not recognized. Creation-Date: 20181209 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR27.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 27 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Title: Industrial Relations and Social Dialogue in the Age of Collaborative Economy (IRSDACE), National Report: Slovakia Abstract: In this report you find the country case study for Slovakia within the IRSDACE project. Following the methodology of the IRSDACE project, this report first provides an overview of the platform work in Slovakia, its place in the Slovak labour market and in industrial relations in Slovakia. Second, it analyses discourse on platform economy among established industrial relations actors in three sectors: accommodation, personal transportation and microwork. Third, it provides a unique empirical evidence of discourse among platform owners and platform workers in three sectors. Fourth, it analyses implications of workers’ experience with the platform economy for industrial relations and social dialogue in Slovakia. Creation-Date: 20181228 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR28.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 28 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Gábor Szüdi Author-Name-First: Gábor Author-Name-Last: Szüdi Author-Email: Title: Enhancing the Effectiveness of Social Dialogue Articulation in Europe (EESDA), National report: Slovakia Abstract: This report focuses on the organization and functioning of social dialogue (SD) in Slovakia, including the articulation of social dialogue between (a) the national and the EU-levels, and (b) the national and sector levels. Following Kahancová et al. (2019), the social dialogue in this report refers to various forms of interactions, including negotiation, consultation or exchange of information, between or among social partners and public authorities (c. f. European Commission, 2015a; 2015b). Social dialogue articulation refers to the ways in which social dialogue functions at different levels; the interaction between these levels, and the channels through which social dialogue outcomes at one level influence the social dialogue processes and outcomes at other levels. Original empirical evidence for the analysis of national-level SD has been collected exclusively for the purpose of this project. Evidence for the analysis of sector-level SD arises partly from the original interviews conducted with social partner representatives of particular sectors and partly from the authors’ earlier analyses of social dialogue in these sectors. Creation-Date: 20191230 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR29_V6XQ2Tv.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 29 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mehtap Akgüç Author-Name-First: Mehtap Author-Name-Last: Akgüç Author-Email: Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Enhancing the Effectiveness of Social Dialogue Articulation in Europe (EESDA) Comparative report Abstract: This report summarizes the findings from a two-year, EC-funded project Enhancing the Effectiveness of Social Dialogue Articulation in Europe (EESDA), which empirically studied how social dialogue between public and private actors at different levels functions and the channels through which EU level social dialogue influences decisions, outcomes and positions of actors at the national and sub-national levels and vice versa (shortly referring to SD articulation). Besides mapping the structures of SD and the relationships and topics that emerge therein and are articulated between various levels of SD, the analysis also provides a better understanding of the factors that determine the effectiveness of SD. Creation-Date: 20191212 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR30.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 30 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jakub Kostolný Author-Name-First: Jakub Author-Name-Last: Kostolný Author-Email: jakub.kostolny@celsi.sk Author-Name: Gábor Szüdi Author-Name-First: Gábor Author-Name-Last: Szüdi Author-Email: gabor.szudi@celsi.sk Author-Name: Martin Kahanec Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Kahanec Author-Email: martin.kahanec@celsi.sk Author-Name: András Gábos Author-Name-First: András Author-Name-Last: Gábos Author-Email: Author-Name: Zuzana Pawlowska Author-Name-First: Zuzana Author-Name-Last: Pawlowska Author-Email: Author-Name: Malgorzata Pecillo Author-Name-First: Malgorzata Author-Name-Last: Pecillo Author-Email: Title: Research Infrastructure gaps report: Central and Eastern Europe Abstract: The aim of this report is to map the gaps in data sets and research infrastructures in Central and Eastern Europe and to analyse the main obstacles and challenges that underpin these gaps. The report looks at the gaps from the perspective of four types of data: (i) international and national survey data, (ii) data provided within the InGRID project (iii) administrative data, and (iv) data on vulnerable groups. In order to study the gaps an expert questionnaire has been constructed following a roundtable discussion and pilot interviews. Two case studies with focus on gaps in data on vulnerable groups in Hungary and working conditions in Poland are presented as well. Creation-Date: 20200214 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/edited_RR31.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 31 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Jakub Kostolný Author-Name-First: Jakub Author-Name-Last: Kostolný Author-Email: jakub.kostolny@celsi.sk Author-Name: Martin Kahanec Author-Name-First: Martin Author-Name-Last: Kahanec Author-Email: martin.kahanec@celsi.sk Title: Strategic review of Slovakian national RI Roadmap Abstract: The aim of this report is to review the Slovak national research infrastructure roadmap in the context of the focus of the InGRID project on vulnerable groups and their working conditions. We review the literature dealing with data and research infrastructures in Slovakia and present the results of an expert survey and expert interviews. Creation-Date: 20200215 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/edited_RR32_1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 32 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:32 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Job Quality and Industrial Relations in the Personal and Household Services (PHS-QUALITY), National report: Czechia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20200520 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR33.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 33 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Title: Job Quality and Industrial Relations in the Personal and Household Services (PHS-QUALITY), National report: Slovakia Abstract: Creation-Date: 20200531 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/PHS-QUAL_full_report_Slovakia.docx File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 34 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Trade unions and professional associations as civil society actors working on the issues of labour rights and social dialogue in Eastern Partnership Countries Abstract: This report summarizes the findings and recommendations from six country studies within the project “Mapping Studies of Trade Unions and Professional Associations as Civil Society Actors Working on the Issues of Labour Rights and Social Dialogue in six Eastern Partnership Countries” funded by the European Union’s “Eastern Partnership Civil Society Facility – Regional Actions” Project and implemented by the Central European Labour Studies Institute (CELSI). Creation-Date: 20200814 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR_35_d9jxqmA.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 35 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:35 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Cornel Ciurea Author-Name-First: Cornel Author-Name-Last: Ciurea Author-Email: Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Trade unions and professional associations as civil society actors working on the issues of labour rights and social dialogue in the Republic of Moldova Abstract: This report was elaborated within the project “Mapping Studies of Trade Unions and Professional Associations as Civil Society Actors Working on the Issues of Labour Rights and Social Dialogue in six Eastern Partnership Countries” funded by the European Union’s “Eastern Partnership Civil Society Facility – Regional Actions” Project and implemented by the Central European Labour Studies Institute (CELSI). Creation-Date: 20200825 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR36.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 36 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Ana Diakonidze Author-Name-First: Ana Author-Name-Last: Diakonidze Author-Email: Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: Trade unions and professional associations as civil society actors working on the issues of labour rights and social dialogue in Georgia Abstract: This report was elaborated within the project “Mapping Studies of Trade Unions and Professional Associations as Civil Society Actors Working on the Issues of Labour Rights and Social Dialogue in six Eastern Partnership Countries” funded by the European Union’s “Eastern Partnership Civil Society Facility – Regional Actions” Project and implemented by the Central European Labour Studies Institute (CELSI). Creation-Date: 20200826 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR37_new.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 37 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Lucia Kováčová Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Kováčová Author-Email: lucia.kovacova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Arman Sargsyan Author-Name-First: Arman Author-Name-Last: Sargsyan Author-Email: Title: Trade unions and professional associations as civil society actors working on the issues of labour rights and social dialogue in Armenia Abstract: This report was elaborated within the project “Mapping Studies of Trade Unions and Professional Associations as Civil Society Actors Working on the Issues of Labour Rights and Social Dialogue in six Eastern Partnership Countries” funded by the European Union’s “Eastern Partnership Civil Society Facility – Regional Actions” Project and implemented by the Central European Labour Studies Institute (CELSI). Creation-Date: 20200827 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR38.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 38 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Mykhailo Slukvin Author-Name-First: Mykhailo Author-Name-Last: Slukvin Author-Email: Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Trade unions and professional associations as civil society actors working on the issues of labour rights and social dialogue in Ukraine Abstract: This report was elaborated within the project “Mapping Studies of Trade Unions and Professional Associations as Civil Society Actors Working on the Issues of Labour Rights and Social Dialogue in six Eastern Partnership Countries” funded by the European Union and implemented by the Central European Labour Studies Institute (CELSI). Creation-Date: 20200828 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR39.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 39 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Title: Articulation of the Trade Unions’ Strategies on upward convergence of social standards in the enlarged European Union – voice of CEE countries ARTUS‐CEE National report: Slovakia Abstract: This report presents the Slovak case study prepared as a part of the research project ARTUSCEE, financed by the DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion of the European Commission under the agreement No. VP/2019/0070. In the line with the research goals of the ARTUS-CEE project, the main objective of this report is to analyse whether Slovak trade unions are able to undertake effective actions towards upwards convergence of social standards in the EU in the context of different industrial relations systems among the EU member states and weak EU-level industrial relations in Central and Eastern European countries (CEE). Creation-Date: 20201221 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR40.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 40 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: Return to Work Policies and the Role of Industrial Relations in Slovakia Abstract: This report provides an overview of policies and experiences with return to work (RTW) in Slovakia within the project Negotiating Return to Work in the Age of Demographic Change through Industrial Relations (REWIR). The focus of this national case study is on exploring the role that national-level and company-level industrial relations play in efforts for the work retention and integration of workers into the labour market after experience of chronic disease. Creation-Date: 20210115 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR41_zGn50zY.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 41 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Author-Name: Jakub Kostolný Author-Name-First: Jakub Author-Name-Last: Kostolný Author-Email: jakub.kostolny@celsi.sk Title: Shaping return-to-work policy: the role of industrial relations at the European, national and workplace levels. Perspectives of managers and workers Abstract: The aim of this workplace-level report is to analyse the experiences of workers and managers with returning to work after chronic diseases. The workplace perspective is described along with the European and national-level specifics. We use two surveys conducted as part of the REWIR project that are most suitable for capturing the workplace perspective from both managers and workers: (a) a survey among employees who returned to work after a chronic disease and (b) a survey among managers about their experiences with supporting returning workers. Creation-Date: 20210218 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR42.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 42 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Lucia Kováčová Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Kováčová Author-Email: lucia.kovacova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Lucia Mýtna Kureková Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Mýtna Kureková Author-Email: lucia.kurekova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Mária Sedláková Author-Name-First: Mária Author-Name-Last: Sedláková Author-Email: maria.sedlakova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Author-Name: Torp S. Author-Name-First: Torp Author-Name-Last: S. Author-Email: Title: Chcem pracovať, kto mi pomôže? Posilnenie spolupráce medzi tvorcami politík a neziskovým sektorom pri integrácii zdravotne znevýhodnených ľudí na trhu práce Abstract: Štúdia je rozdelená na niekoľko častí. V prvej časti predstavíme základné koncepty a teoretický rámec zdravotného znevýhodnenia. V druhej časti sa venujeme koncepčnému ukotveniu osôb so zdravotným postihnutím v slovenských zákonoch, najmä z pohľadu definície osoby so zdravotným postihnutím a príbuzných kategórií. V tretej časti sme pripravili prehľad doterajších výskumných zistení o postavení OZZ na slovenskom trhu práce s ohľadom na špecifické skupiny, ktoré čelia kumulatívnym znevýhodneniam. V štvrtej časti sú zmapované doterajšie kvantitatívne dáta o zdravotne znevýhodnených na Slovensku, pričom takéto zmapovanie nám umožní zistiť medzery v dátach o tejto skupine na Slovensku. V piatej časti sa venujeme kategorizácii a analýze súčasných nástrojov na pracovno-právnu ochranu OZZ a ich integráciu na trhu práce, a to predovšetkým aktívnych politík trhu práce, ale aj ďalších (vrátane mäkkých) opatrení. Šiesta časť sumarizuje základné zistenia zo sekundárnych dát a slúži ako podklad pre empirickú analýzu uskutočnených rozhovorov výskumným tímom. Siedma časť popisuje metodológiu empirického výskumu a ôsma časť prezentuje analýzu týchto rozhovorov zameranú na súčasnú implementačnú prax pracovnej integrácie OZZ. Deviata časť je zameraná na prípadové štúdie Rómov a Rómky so zdravotným obmedzením a na ľudí bez domova so zdravotným obmedzením. Desiata časť sumarizuje hlavné zistenia a závery, ktoré sú v jedenástej časti porovnané so zisteniami a dobrou praxou v Nórsku. Záverečná dvanásta časť štúdie formuluje odporúčania pre tvorbu politík a implementačnú prax pracovnej integrácie OZZ. Creation-Date: 20210218 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR43_0S0XTRW.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 43 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gábor Szüdi Author-Name-First: Gábor Author-Name-Last: Szüdi Author-Email: gabor.szudi@celsi.sk Title: Collective Bargaining Agreements in the Visegrad Countries Abstract: This report gives a brief overview of 40 selected collective agreements from the Visegrád countries. 10 agreements were collected from each country within the commerce, construction, manufacturing and public sectors. The report starts with a theoretical summary on the bargaining systems of the Visegrád countries focusing on their main commonalities, differences, strengths and weaknesses. Partly due to their state socialist heritage when collective bargaining was not at all present or was not fulfilling its true functions and the ensuing economic transformation process, each country has developed a similar collective bargaining system in the last three decades which can be characterised by decentralisation, a declining power and density of trade unions and a gradual erosion of impact of collective bargaining on working conditions. The latter is observed by the slow but steady decline in so-called higher-level (multi-employer or sectoral) bargaining in each country (with the potential exception of Slovakia). Creation-Date: 20210621 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR44_TfKHnHX.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 44 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Hungary Abstract: Hungary has experienced an acute labour shortage from 2016, especially due to the outmigration of workers to labour markets in western EU states. The resulting labour shortage has been compensated increasingly by the employment of migrant workers from neighbouring non-EU countries, from Serbia and Ukraine in particular. The Bargaining for Working Conditions and Social Rights of Migrant Workers in Central East European Countries (BARMIG) project assesses the role of established industrial-relations institutions in addressing the effects of migration on changing labour markets. It also examines how trade unions and employer organisations in Czechia, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland are responding to these changes. Creation-Date: 20220214 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMIG_HU.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 45 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Czechia Abstract: The report is prepared within the Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG) project. The report assesses the role of established industrial relations institutions in addressing the increased presence of migrant workers in domestic labour markets, and analyses how, and with what capacities, trade unions and employer organisations in Czechia respond to these changes and challenges. The report assesses constraints, opportunities and challenges for industrial relations actors stemming from the increased presence of migrant workers in four traditional sectors – healthcare, construction, hospitality and retail services, metal manufacturing, as well as in the digitized economy (i.e. platform work) in Czechia. Of particular concern to the research is the labour market integration of migrant workers from countries neighbouring the EU, particularly from Ukraine and Serbia. More specific aims are to map policy influence opportunities for trade unions and employer organisations in the areas of migration policy, protection and representation of migrant workers’ interests, fair employment, and equal rights and integration for migrant workers, as well as through collective bargaining. Creation-Date: 20220814 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Czech02.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 46 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:46 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Dominika Polkowska Author-Name-First: Dominika Author-Name-Last: Polkowska Author-Email: Author-Name: Karolina Podgórska Author-Name-First: Karolina Author-Name-Last: Podgórska Author-Email: Author-Name: Agnieszka Nowak-Kolasa Author-Name-First: Agnieszka Author-Name-Last: Nowak-Kolasa Author-Email: Author-Name: Michał Nowakowski Author-Name-First: Michał Author-Name-Last: Nowakowski Author-Email: Author-Name: Błażej Dyczewski Author-Name-First: Błażej Author-Name-Last: Dyczewski Author-Email: Author-Name: Kamil Filipek Author-Name-First: Kamil Author-Name-Last: Filipek Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Poland Abstract: The report has been prepared within the Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG) project. The report assesses the role of established industrial relations institutions in addressing the increased presence of migrant workers in domestic labour markets, and analyses how and with what capacities trade unions and employer organisations in Poland respond to these changes and challenges. Creation-Date: 20220821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Poland01_3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 47 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Višnja Samardžija Author-Name-First: Višnja Author-Name-Last: Samardžija Author-Email: Author-Name: Hrvoje Butković Author-Name-First: Hrvoje Author-Name-Last: Butković Author-Email: Author-Name: Ivana Rukavina Author-Name-First: Ivana Author-Name-Last: Rukavina Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Croatia Abstract: In recent years, general labour shortages have caused Croatia to become highly dependent on migrant workers. The national economy has been faced with a huge outflow of the labour force following accession to the EU, which has been most prominent in the public health-care sector. The construction sector is facing growing labour shortages and in the next ten years, most of the workers in that sector can be expected to be foreigners. Croatia recently amended its formerly rigid and restrictive legislative framework regulating the work of third country nationals. However, the country still lacks a consistent and forward-looking migration policy that would view labour force immigration as an opportunity for economic and social development. There is a further lack of policies that would facilitate the integration of migrant workers and their families into Croatian society. In national social dialogue forums, the topic of migrant work has not yet gained the importance that it deserves. This is due in part to the relatively small number of migrant workers as compared to Western European countries. In recent years, social partners have become more aware of the importance of third country nationals for the smooth functioning of the Croatian economy. Nevertheless, both trade unions and employers lack strategies for dealing with this group of workers. Creation-Date: 20220817 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Croatia01_2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 48 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:48 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Kadri Karma Author-Name-First: Kadri Author-Name-Last: Karma Author-Email: Author-Name: Liis Roosaar Author-Name-First: Liis Author-Name-Last: Roosaar Author-Email: Author-Name: Jaan Masso Author-Name-First: Jaan Author-Name-Last: Masso Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Estonia Abstract: Since Estonia regained its independence in 1991, the regulation of international migration has been rather strict, with a relatively low annual migration quota for long-term employment. Nevertheless, the 2010s saw the increased migration of third-country nationals, primarily via temporary working schemes. Since 2015, Estonia has experienced positive net migration, even in 2020. However, the importance of migrant workers varies significantly across the analysed sectors. The transience of migration causes problems for both the working conditions and labour market integration of migrants. All signs indicate that social partners are often aware of these problems; however, though they lack the capacities to deal with these issues, they are interested in developing them. Despite some differences in how employers and unions perceive the need for a migrant workforce, even unions do not question the need for an additional migrant workforce. In order to tackle the challenges of the migrant workforce, alternatives to the current strict quota-based migration regulation system should be considered. Furthermore, the regulations should be adjusted by taking into account the specifics of the particular sectors in aspects such as the strength of the social partners, labour shortages and skills requirements, and the nature of the work and projects. Creation-Date: 20220816 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMIG_Estonia02_1.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 49 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Serbia Abstract: Several push factors influence migrations from Serbia to CEE: the deteriorating quality of jobs, bad working conditions for industrial and service sector jobs, and the poor function- ing of the rule of law. Labour migration from Serbia to CEE is mostly temporary, and the largest cohort who take such jobs consists of members of the middle-aged population with secondary or elementary education. They find employment in physically hard jobs in CEE manufacturing (especially in the automotive and electronics industry), construction, and tourism. The use of labour intermediation services has rapidly increased from 2016 onwards, but employer-driven temporary migration (that is, employer posting and its hybrid forms) is gradually gaining ground. In general, an information deficit exists among migrant workers, which several important civil society organization (CSO) initiatives along with closed infor- mation flows among workers, and rudimentary cooperation among internationally active trade unions have solved. One solution for the information deficit and the related dangers of overexploitation is to link two forms of “screening” jobs and work arrangements: closed groups of migrant workers should establish regular, preferably institutionalised communi- cation channels with a trade union or other worker organization. Such links could yield both mutual and more general social benefits. Creation-Date: 20220806 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Serbia02_3.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 50 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Victoria Volodko Author-Name-First: Victoria Author-Name-Last: Volodko Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Ukraine Abstract: In the light of BARMIG’s focus on migrants’ integration in the labour markets of the receiving states, the purpose of this background study is to provide an up-to-date snapshot of the situation with labour migration from Ukraine to the new EU member states from the perspective of the sending country. In order to develop this perspective, we focused on review the secondary sources and on expert interviews. The latter discuss possible links between worker’s migration choices in connection to their experiences on the domestic labour market of Ukraine, as well as available paths to employment abroad, information about employment, migration and social protection. Thus, our report discusses: how employment or paid work experience on the Ukrainian labour market affects decision to search for jobs abroad and interpretation of experience of working abroad recruitment processes and employment chains that facilitate migration, and the role of various intermediaries (focus on recruiters and migration brokers in Ukraine) main problems facing labour migrants during their labour mobility, as discussed by recruiters and NGOs working with migrants discussion of good practices of support for Ukrainian workers and bettering protection of labour rights transnationally (focus on the perspective of social actors in Ukraine). Creation-Date: 20220821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Ukrain03.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 51 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:51 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Paulína Pokorná Author-Name-First: Paulína Author-Name-Last: Pokorná Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG), National report: Slovakia Abstract: The report is prepared within the Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central East European countries (BARMIG) project. The report assesses the role of established industrial relations institutions in addressing the increased presence of migrant workers in domestic labour markets, and analyses how, with what capacities, trade unions and employer organisations in Slovakia respond to these changes and challenges. The research activities are aimed at identifying similarities and differences in migration between five sectors – metal-automotive, services, construction, healthcare and platform. More specific objectives are to map the potential for political influence of trade unions and employers’ organizations in the areas of migration policy, protection and representation of migrant workers’ interests, fair employment and equal rights and integration for migrant workers, including through collective bargaining. In order to develop this perspective, the report provides a brief economic and labour market overview and outlook, and in its first and second parts provides up-to-date statistical data with critical discussion. The third part focuses on a review of secondary sources and the fourth on expert interviews. The report contains 20 in-depth semi-structured anonymised interviews conducted between February 2021 and September 2021. The structure of interviewees includes social partners at national and sectoral level, employers, professionals, recruitment agencies and intermediaries. The report concludes with policy recommendations. Creation-Date: 20220806 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMING_Slovakia02.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 52 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Author-Name: Agnieszka Kolasa-Nowak Author-Name-First: Agnieszka Author-Name-Last: Kolasa-Nowak Author-Email: Author-Name: Karolina Podgórska Author-Name-First: Karolina Author-Name-Last: Podgórska Author-Email: Title: Bargaining for working conditions and social rights of migrant workers in Central and Eastern European countries (BARMIG), Comparative report Abstract: Since 2016 the former socialist EU Member States have experienced acute labour shortages, especially due to the outmigration of workers to labour markets in western EU states, but also due to demographic factors. The resulting labour shortage has increasingly been compensated for by employing migrant workers from neighbouring non-EU countries, especially from Serbia and Ukraine. The BARMIG project’s original logframe was defined in 2019 to analyse developments in industrial relations in the six Central and Eastern European (CEE) states in order to address challenges and opportunities for trade unions and employer organisations stemming from the above-mentioned labour market developments. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent crisis, the plan of the project was modified also in order to incorporate the impact of Covid-19 on the labour markets in general, and more particularly its effect on the employment of migrant workers, along with reactions from social partners. The research analysed developments in the period between January 2016 and December 2021. The BARMIG project thus could not deal with the entirely new situation stemming from the Russian aggression on Ukraine and the war which also affects production, labour markets and employment of migrant workers in Central and Eastern Europe. Nevertheless, the final output of the project, the conference in April 2022, with the participation of social partner organisations and renowned experts, also shed light on problems of migrant workers from Ukraine and Russia after February 2022. The basis of the comparative report are six national reports, covering developments in Croatia (Butković, Samardžija, and Rukavina 2022), Czechia (Martiškova and Šumichrast 2022), Estonia (Masso, Roosaar, and Karma 2021), Hungary (Meszmann 2022), Poland (Polkowska et al 2022) and Slovakia (ZEPSR 2022). These reports assessed constraints, opportunities and challenges for industrial-relations actors, which stem from the increased pres- ence of migrant workers in four traditional sectors – health care, construction, hospitality and retail services, and metal manufacturing, as well as services provided as part of the digitised economy (i.e. platform work). The national reports also analysed how, and with what capacities, trade unions and employer organisations in the six countries responded to these changes and challenges in general, and more particularly how collective bargaining and social dialogue tackled the issue of migrant workers. The labour-market integration of migrant workers from the countries neighbouring the EU – especially Ukraine and Serbia – was of particular concern to the research. The national reports mapped opportunities for trade unions and employer organisations to influence policy in the areas of migration, protection and representation of migrant workers’ interests, fair employment, equal rights and integration of migrant workers, also through collective bargaining. Creation-Date: 20220806 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/BARMIG_comparative_paper06-fin_2.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 53 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Mýtna Kureková Author-Name-First: Lucia Author-Name-Last: Mýtna Kureková Author-Email: lucia.kurekova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Noah Vangeel Author-Name-First: Noah Author-Name-Last: Vangeel Author-Email: Author-Name: Ilse Tobback Author-Name-First: Ilse Author-Name-Last: Tobback Author-Email: Author-Name: Ivana Studená Author-Name-First: Ivana Author-Name-Last: Studená Author-Email: Author-Name: Miroslav Štefánik Author-Name-First: Miroslav Author-Name-Last: Štefánik Author-Email: Author-Name: Karolien Lenaerts Author-Name-First: Karolien Author-Name-Last: Lenaerts Author-Email: Title: The Role of Industrial Relations and Social Dialogue in Improving Adult Learning Outcomes and Equity Abstract: This paper seeks to empirically assess the relationship between features of industrial relations and social dialogue and adult learning (AL) participation and outcomes in the EU27. It in particular sets out to understand if stronger industrial relations and social dialogue contribute to (i) higher adult learning participation rates, and (ii) more equity in accessing adult learning opportunities by various typically disadvantaged groups. These questions are empirically addressed in this paper by means of descriptive and statistical analyses, using data covering two perspectives: the worker perspective (European Union Labour Force Survey) and the firm perspective (European Company Survey). This data is combined with institutional data measuring industrial relations in the EU, extracted from the OECD-AIAS-ICTWSS dataset. The paper also combines macro-level analysis of broader trends with a micro-level view at the level of firms. Using different datasets and approaches, this working paper confirms a link between the level of social dialogue and the levels of adult learning participation across the EU27. This is an important finding which enlarges the plethora of tools that could be potentially harnessed in improving access to adult learning in the lagging countries. Creation-Date: 20230425 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/RR54.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 54 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Daniela Ceccon Author-Name-First: Daniela Author-Name-Last: Ceccon Author-Email: dceccon@gmail.com Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Gabriele Medas Author-Name-First: Gabriele Author-Name-Last: Medas Author-Email: Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: LEVEL UP! Support and develop collective bargaining coverage Abstract: Collective bargaining is undergoing a transformation to address various emerging issues in European labour markets. These include, for example, questions of job stability and wage depreciation in the energy and inflation crises, changes to working time, accommodating worker needs in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, seeking a work-life balance among European workers, the mitigation of work-related risks from exposure to political radicalism, work-related migration and the right for equal working conditions for all workers, and last but not least, the increased use of digital technologies for managing worker data and worker surveillance in a fair and transparent way. Based on an extensive literature review and analysis of the content of collective agreements, this report shows how multi-employer bargaining (MEB) can be beneficial for tackling such complex challenges. It presents the arguments in favour of MEB, the benefits for workers, trade unions, employers and for society, the preconditions for its proper functioning, but also the obstacles to MEB as reported across various European countries. The main benefits of MEB include equality, professionalism, efficiency, and conflict prevention are relevant for various kinds of stakeholders – for workers, for unions, for employers, and for the society in general. Creation-Date: 20230502 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/Level_Up_final.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 55 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:55 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Simona Brunnerová Author-Name-First: Simona Author-Name-Last: Brunnerová Author-Email: simona.brunnerova@celsi.sk Title: The use of social clauses in public procurement Abstract: This paper investigates the concept of creating public value through social public procurement. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of social public procurement in enhancing public value. The paper is structured into five chapters. The first chapter establishes a theoretical framework, defining and operationalizing public value and public value theory. It also elucidates the concept of social public procurement and explores how bounded rationality, uncertainty, and information asymmetry restrict public procurement actors. The second chapter presents the methodological framework, detailing the data collection and analysis methods employed. Additionally, it outlines the main research question, sub-questions, and hypotheses. The third chapter presents the key findings derived from content analysis and interviews. Finally, the fourth chapter provides an interpretation of these findings, highlighting their significance and offering fresh insights into the ability of social public procurement to enhance public value in Slovakia. While it is too challenging to measure the impact of social public procurement on increasing public value, we identify certain factors that can significantly enhance the likelihood of successfully increasing public value through social public procurement. These factors include the operational capacity of actors involved, their legitimacy, support, and efforts to minimize information asymmetry and uncertainty. Creation-Date: 20230919 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_56_qVaser0.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 56 Keywords: sociálne hľadisko; verejné obstarávanie; sociálne verejné obstarávanie; verejná hodnota; zodpovedné verejné obstarávanie Handle: RePEc:cel:report:56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Simona Brunnerová Author-Name-First: Simona Author-Name-Last: Brunnerová Author-Email: simona.brunnerova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: Social Dialogue in Defence of Vulnerable Groups in Post-COVID-19 Labour Markets: Slovakia and Czechia Abstract: This report is part of the EC-funded research project DEFEN-CE: Social Dialogue in Defence of Vulnerable Groups in Post-COVID-19 Labour Markets (VS/2021/0196). It scrutinizes how social partners influenced COVID-19-related policy responses towards vulnerable groups in the labour market, and whether this experience created opportunities for strengthening social dialogue in general. The empirical focus is on Czechia and Slovakia as representatives of embedded neoliberal countries. This means liberalizing labour market policies during their economic transition starting in the 1990s, but at the same time, anchoring some institutional mechanisms of policy-making, including social dialogue at the national level. The analysis is based on new empirical data in two dimensions: primary data on policy measures relevant for the vulnerable groups in the labour market, categorized in a standard database of the most important COVID-19 measures relevant for vulnerable groups. 19 original semi-structured interviews with employer organizations, trade unions, governments, and NGOs in Czechia and Slovakia, implemented in 2022-2023. Creation-Date: 20231008 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_57.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 57 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Hanulová Author-Name-First: Lenka Author-Name-Last: Hanulová Author-Email: lenka.hanulova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: GDPiR: Managing Data Processing in the Workplace Through Industrial Relations: Slovakia Abstract: The report presents the research outcomes of the European-funded project GDPiR: Managing Data Processing in the Workplace through Industrial Relations (No. 101048690), which focuses on data processing in Slovak manufacturing workplaces. This sector was chosen due to its role as a leading participant in the digital transformation, making it particularly vulnerable to the phenomenon of "datafication" or the extensive utilization of workers' data in the employment setting. This report utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to generate its insights. Creation-Date: 20240821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_58_hbYNntI.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 58 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Hanulová Author-Name-First: Lenka Author-Name-Last: Hanulová Author-Email: lenka.hanulova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: GDPiR: Managing Data Processing in the Workplace Through Industrial Relations: Czech Republic Abstract: The report presents the research outcomes of the European-funded project GDPiR: Managing Data Processing in the Workplace through Industrial Relations (No. 101048690), which focuses on data processing in Czech manufacturing workplaces. This sector was chosen due to its role as a leading participant in the digital transformation, making it particularly vulnerable to the phenomenon of "datafication" or the extensive utilization of workers' data in the employment setting. This report utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to generate its insights. Creation-Date: 20240821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_59_rNQp5fs.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 59 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: GDPiR: Managing Data Processing in the Workplace Through Industrial Relations: Hungary Abstract: The introduction and application of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and more particularly, the protection and processing of workers’ personal data has been receiving increasing attention in Hungary, including industrial relation actors. The new rules on GDPR directly affect the data processing practices of employers and trade unions; they inform and set new conditions for the operation of both parties in industrial relations. Yet, as consultation and social dialogue regarding the introduction of new technologies, the protection of personal data of workers, or the processing of workers’ personal information is legally in the domain of works councils and not trade unions, collective bargaining - as the central institution of industrial relations - could not tackle issues related to the protection of workers’ personal data. The report is based on online and offline interviews with sectoral trade union representatives, online surveys with company level trade union and works council representatives, online sources, as well as secondary sources, studies, reports and analyses on GDPR, industrial relations and labour law in general. Creation-Date: 20240821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_60.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 60 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Title: PERHOUSE: Personal and household services in Central and Eastern European Countries: Improving working conditions and services through industrial relations: National report Slovakia Abstract: Personal and household services (PHS) are vital for the well-being of families and individuals, transforming households into workplaces. Despite their importance, this sector faces poor working conditions and undervalued work, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, due to weak regulations and ineffective industrial relations. Therefore, the Perhouse project, supported by the European Union, aims to explore the challenges in working conditions and the role of social dialogue in advancing PHS regarding working conditions and regulations. This report presents the findings for Slovakia and aims to answer two research questions. First, it examines the current state and structure of service provision in the sector and the working conditions of PHS workers in Slovakia. Second, it explores the role of social dialogue in improving these conditions and developing relevant regulations in Slovakia's PHS sector. The PHS sector in Slovakia unequivocally suffers from a lack of standardised definitions and an overly complex regulatory framework, posing significant challenges in terms of regulation, recognition, and access to services. The sector's diverse nature, characterised by varying levels of formality and informality, creates unacceptable disparities in worker recognition, rights, and compensation. Creation-Date: 20240821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_61_EN.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 61 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: BARMETAL: Digitalisation, Automatisation and Decarbonisation: Opportunity for Strengthening Collective Bargaining in the Metal Sector: Hungary Policy Report Abstract: This report sets out to explore first, which processes, derived from the ongoing technological changes, in particular, digitalization, automation and decarbonization (DAD), have had an impact on the labour market, employment, working conditions and the quality of jobs in the Hungarian metal industry. Second, it explores the current situation – the scope and agenda of collective bargaining and social dialogue-, and more generally, opportunities and main challenges with respect to DAD in the Hungarian metal industry, with a greater focus on automotives. Special attention was devoted to highlighting trends or novel methods for strengthening social dialogue and collective bargaining in the metal industry within the conditions of technological change. The first two sections outline national and sectoral economic trends and labour market developments as well as the main characteristics of Hungarian industrial relations in metal manufacturing. Section three maps the overall developments of DAD in Hungarian metal manufacturing, how it impacts production, employment, skill formation and to what extent it enriches social dialogue and collective bargaining. As it is argued, technological change occurs with a structural delay in the country, with more significant changes occuring only recently. For employers, technological change occurs both as an investment and cost issue, but also as a pressure and requirement to stay afloat. Such pressure is especially felt by domestic small and medium enterprises (SME), typically lower in the production chain, especially in subsectors with high energy intensity production. Larger companies are leading the change, and have also established social dialogue structures, mirroring the Hungarian industrial relation structure. Social dialogue and collective bargaining is only indirectly affected by these changes. The issue of training and qualifications appears as a very important issue for both employers and trade unions, but skill formation is extremely decentralised, and company based. As the brief case studies in section 4 indicate, even in large companies with established industrial relation structures, aside from information sharing, collective bargaining does not, or has not yet dealt with issues of re-qualification, working time and training, or job redesign. The report builds on available statistical data, online reports, media sources and other documents as well as interviews with main stakeholders of industrial relations in metal manufacturing. In total, 15 interviews with 18 interviewees were conducted for the purpose of this study between June and November 2023. Respondents included representatives of general and specialised employer associations (2), trade union representatives on both regional (3) and plant levels (6), including works council members (3), white (1) and blue collar (3) employees as well as expert-consultants (2) to social partners. Interviews lasted between 40 minutes and 140 minutes, and were conducted mostly online. All but one of the interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed1. Most interviewees were promised anonymity. For this reason, interviewees quoted in the text are only introduced in general terms. During the case selection period, additional inquiries and unrecorded conversations occurred with various plant level trade union representatives. The main purpose of these discussions was to assess the level and extent of technological changes in companies. Thus, valuable information was collected on all scales of sectoral development, regional characteristics, as well as at plant level developments with union presence and collective bargaining coverage. Creation-Date: 20240821 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_62.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 62 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Title: BARMETAL: Digitalisation, Automatisation and Decarbonisation: Opportunity for Strengthening Collective Bargaining in the Metal Sector: Czechia Policy Report Abstract: The BARMETAL project is aimed at understanding the impacts of the dual transformation involving digitization, automation and decarbonization (DAD), in working conditions and social dialogue within the metal sector. In the report, we describe how social partners responded to DAD challenges and evaluate the role of social dialogue in mitigating the adverse effects of the transformation on working conditions in Czechia. Within the metal industry, specifically understood as the sector processing metal goods, our focus centred on the automotive industry, the largest industrial production sector contributing to 9% of GDP (in the broader sense of supplier-buyer chains), constituting 26% of industrial production, and accounting for 24% of exports. In the first section, we outline current developments in the automotive industry, emphasizing the national and sector-level labour market situations and recent changes. We then provide insights into industrial relations in the country, followed by a description of DAD discourses, policies, and impacts on employment, drawing on stakeholder interviews and available policy documents. The fourth section zooms in on responses to DAD challenges through collective bargaining at the sector level, subsequently delving into the company-level experiences and practices of collective bargaining examined through three case studies in automotive companies. The final section analyses findings from interviews and secondary sources. This report is based on 15 interviews conducted between June and November 2023, with interview durations ranging from 45 to 90 minutes, conducted in person or via online calls (see the list of interviewees stakeholders in Annex 1). In addition to interviews, Charles University along with CELSI and EUROPEUM2 co-organized a roundtable of 13 regional stakeholders in the Moravian-Silesian region hosted by Hyundai Nošovice in Czechia in November 2023. The purpose of the event was to get insights into the regional transformations and actors involved. Knowledge gathered during the roundtable is also used as a source of evidence in the report. Secondary sources, including academic literature, reports, background documents, and media reports, complement the evidence gathered during fieldwork activities. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_63.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 63 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Katarína Lukáčová Author-Name-First: Katarína Author-Name-Last: Lukáčová Author-Email: katarina.lukacova@celsi.sk Title: BARMETAL: Digitalisation, Automatisation and Decarbonisation: Opportunity for Strengthening Collective Bargaining in the Metal Sector: Slovakia Policy Report Abstract: The emergence and intensification of the so-called dual or twin transition, referring to digitalization and the green transition, increasingly exposes European countries to challenges in adapting to these processes. One of the relevant emerging challenges is the effect on the labour market, because technological change increases the risks of labour and skills shortages and can facilitate a greater mismatch between labour supply and demand (Studená et al. 2023). At the same time, technological change facilitates job upgrading and secures competitiveness of the concerned industry in the future. As part of transition trends, automatization, digitalization and decarbonization (hereafter DAD) of production and their effect on the labour market are receiving increased attention by policy makers and researchers. To contribute to this debate, this report analyses how the key challenges related to changing workplaces and working conditions due to DAD are addressed in collective bargaining both at the workplace and sector levels in Slovakia. The report is part of the BARMETAL project (Digitalization, Automatization and Decarbonization: Opportunity for Strengthening Collective Bargaining in the Metal Sector) analysing the same trends across 12 countries and at the EU level. The case of Slovakia is relevant for analysing the impact of DAD on the labour market as the Slovak economy is highly industrialized with a leading role in the manufacturing industry, and automotive sector therein. This is the sector with highest pressure to transform and adapt to new technologies; and Slovakia faces the highest risks of skills shortages emerging from automation and digitalization in Europe (Machlica et al., 2017). At the same time, the transformation process may generate a strong disruptive impact on local labour markets (Majzlíková and Vitáloš, 2022). This brings specific challenges and needs to individuals and companies that need to absorb this change with skill adaptation being at the core. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_64.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 64 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Pavol Bors Author-Name-First: Pavol Author-Name-Last: Bors Author-Email: pavol.bors@celsi.sk Title: SOWELL: Social dialogue in welfare services: National report: Hungary Abstract: This report seeks to understand how care services in Hungary have been affected by the increasing demand for the services over past decade on the one hand, and by the austerity measures as an aftermath of the economic crises starting in 2008 on the other hand. Within overall care services, the focus in on two subsectors: early childhood education and care (ECEC) for children aged 0-5; and long-term social and health services for elderly people (long-term care, LTC). The report is part of the SOWELL project that scrutinizes care services in Hungary at the national and local level from the perspective of employment relations as a new arena for building solidarity and labour market coordination through social dialogue. The motivation for this focus is the growing demand for care services on the one hand and increasing budget austerity in delivering public finance for care services since 2008-2009 on the other hand. In this context, a four-fold challenge (or a quadrilemma) has been identified that stakeholders in the care sector are facing. These include constrained public finance, the need for quality services, aims to improve the access to services, and finally improvements in working conditions in care services. The report looks at the development in the Hungarian care sector acknowledging these challenges, and the role of social partners and social dialogue therein. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_65.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 65 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:65 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Barbora Holubová Author-Name-First: Barbora Author-Name-Last: Holubová Author-Email: barbora.holubova@celsi.sk Title: SOWELL: Social dialogue in welfare services: National report: Slovakia Abstract: The report was prepared within the SOWELL project focused on social dialogue in care services and co-financed by the European Commission DG Employment, Social Inclusion &Affairs (VS/2020/0242). The report presents the Slovak employment relations, working conditions and social partner strategies in care services, concentrating on two sectors: care services for children aged 0-5 (ECEC) and social and health services for the elderly people (LTC). The report, based on extensive desk research, analysis of the dataset and interviews with the stakeholders, maps the employment, governance and industrial relations in ECEC and LTC to respond to two research questions: a) How did Slovakia balance the pressures of budget constraints, service coverage, job quality and quality of services in ECEC and LTC, the so-called ‘quadrilemma’? and b) What role do the social partners and social dialogue institutions play in favour of some solutions of care provision instead of others? Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_66.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 66 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Pavol Bors Author-Name-First: Pavol Author-Name-Last: Bors Author-Email: pavol.bors@celsi.sk Author-Name: Tibor T Meszmann Author-Name-First: Tibor T Author-Name-Last: Meszmann Author-Email: tibor.meszmann@celsi.sk Title: REJEnerAXion: Energy for a Just and green recovery deal: the role of the industrial relations in the energy sector for a resilient Europe: National baseline report: Hungary Abstract: This research report, prepared as a part of the project “REJEnerAXion - Energy for a just and green recovery deal: the role of the industrial relations in the energy sector for a resilient Europe”, a European Union co-funded research project (101052341/SOCPL-2021-IND-REL), investigates Hungary's energy sector transformation within the framework of a just transition. The analysis emphasises key findings related to social dialogue, industrial relations, and collective bargaining in the context of the energy transition. Multi-actor institutional involvement characterises the energy transition in Hungary along with a very high level of (informal) centralisation, that results in non-transparent governance. The high dependency on Russian fuel and technology and the high turbulence in energy production and consumption, especially since the start of the war in Ukraine, have created new uncertainties about the timing and nature of the phase-out of coal. Collective bargaining in Hungary is highly decentralised, with decreasing coverage rates and falling union membership. The energy sector stands out as a regulated sector with high coverage and relatively high union density rates, so far attempting to resisting the negative trends. Sectoral and company-level collective agreements were pivotal in managing property transformation and state ownership changes in the last decades, and provide both an institutional legacy and know-how for sectoral trade unions to deal with the challenges of the green transition. While there is social dialogue within a recently established regional coal commission, the absence of a comprehensive tripartite institution covering the entire workforce hinders effective policy inclusion. Expert informants pointed out that the Hungarian energy transition is fragile as it is a centralised system, which is both driven by and dependent on available financialization and EU regulation and conditionality. The country’s energy transition has a top-down, increasingly centralised characteristic, which lacks transparency and clear, responsive timetable. Trade unions in energy and mining are active in the process emphasise just transition principles, while employer organisations are less vocal. Trade unions do not support unconditionally the transition towards renewables, but advocate alternative solutions. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_67.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 67 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Martišková Author-Name-First: Monika Author-Name-Last: Martišková Author-Email: monika.martiskova@celsi.sk Author-Name: Patrik Gažo Author-Name-First: Patrik Author-Name-Last: Gažo Author-Email: patrik.gazo@celsi.sk Title: REJEnerAXion: Energy for a Just and green recovery deal: the role of the industrial relations in the energy sector for a resilient Europe: National baseline report: Slovakia Abstract: Slovakia heavily relies on energy resources from Russia, but there are efforts to diversify sources, intensified by the Ukraine-Russian war started in 2022. Nuclear power dominates electricity generation, while renewables constitute only 13% of the energy mix, primarily sourced from water, solar, and biomass. Wind and geothermal energy hold untapped potential, crucial for enhancing the country's energy self-sufficiency. Mining and coal burning sector, as well as in the gas distribution industry transformation will have the strongest impact on employees. At the same time, emerging sectors such as photovoltaics and heat pumps are facing huge labour shortages. There are two multi-employer collective agreements in the energy sector, both stipulate requirements on employers to provide requalification if the employer has capacities to do so and oblige employer to consult with the company-level trade union measures related to employees´ qualifications. Nevertheless, more and more frequently, social partners address the energy transition at the company level, and thus the approaches are decentralised and less coordinated, often guided by the company HR policies and less consulted with trade unions. At the same time, social dialogue is missing in the emerging sectors. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_68.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 68 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: BARWAGE: The interplay of statutory minimum wages and collective wage bargaining across European sectors: A Study on Bulgaria Abstract: This report identifies and analyses the wage setting practices in Bulgaria, focusing on four specific sectors – construction, hospitality, urban transport, and waste management. General practices of wage setting are outlined in the context of wider global trends towards individualization and employer discretion. Evidence on the four sectors is summarised together with the most relevant trade unions and employer organization in each, with particular attention paid to low-paid jobs in the sector. Wage setting and collective bargaining in the four sectors are traced in detail, accounting for wage setting at several levels, including the statutory, municipal, sectoral, company, and individual level. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_69.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 69 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:69 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Adam Šumichrast Author-Name-First: Adam Author-Name-Last: Šumichrast Author-Email: adam.sumichrast@celsi.sk Title: BARWAGE: Discretion and (de)centralization in wage bargaining in the construction, hospitality, urban transport and waste management sectors: A Study on Czechia Abstract: This report identifies and analyses the wage setting practices in Czechia, focusing on four specific sectors – construction, hospitality, urban transport, and waste management. As part of the BARWAGE project2 this report seeks to understand how exactly wage is setting in these sectors, with a focus on low-wage workers (if relevant) is occurring, which actors are involved, what is the starting point of this process and where does it lead to in terms of institutional stability or change of the wage setting institutions. The findings reveal that sectoral wage setting has historically played a minor role, with only certain wage components, like bonuses and special cases, being adjusted. These adjustments set a base but can be overridden by company collective agreements. Except for the construction sector, sectoral collective bargaining is declining, as seen in urban transport, or is nonexistent, as in waste management. Wage setting is primarily driven by company-level bargaining, with the statutory minimum wage having a limited impact, except in hospitality. Individual bargaining is not significant. In unionised workplaces, wage negotiations are typically conducted by the union, with little individual negotiation. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_70.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 70 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:70 Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Fidrmuc Author-Name-First: Anna Author-Name-Last: Fidrmuc Author-Email: anna.fidrmuc@celsi.sk Author-Name: Marta Kahancová Author-Name-First: Marta Author-Name-Last: Kahancová Author-Email: marta.kahancova@celsi.sk Title: BARWAGE: Discretion and (de)centralization in wage bargaining in the construction, hospitality, urban transport and waste management sectors: A Study on Austria Abstract: This report identifies and analyses the wage setting practices in Austria, focusing on four specific sectors – construction, hospitality, urban transport, and waste management. As part of the BARWAGE project, the report seeks to understand how exactly wage is setting in these sectors, with a focus on low-wage workers (if relevant) is occurring, which actors are involved, what is the starting point of this process and where does it lead to in terms of institutional stability or change of the wage setting institutions. The findings show that in the highly coordinated bargaining system in Austria, wage setting at the centralized level leaves little discretion for negotiating wages at the company level. Even if wage levels vary across firms and sectors, the way in which parts of the wage are subject to individual discretion or company-level bargaining are determined by centralized procedures. In turn, Austria is more resilient to bargaining decentralization than other countries; and even if some processes within wage bargaining are shifted to the company level, this shift is highly coordinated. Creation-Date: 20240831 File-URL: https://celsi.sk/media/research_reports/CELSI_RR_71.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Number: 71 Keywords: Handle: RePEc:cel:report:71